請問PDG Doctor為什麼Annual Fund要在第三年才能回來使用?

Q?
請問PDG Doctor為什麼Annual Fund要在第三年才能回來使用?

Ans: (AF是三年後才回饋,非第三年)

SHARE and District Designated Fund

Through the SHARE system, contributions to The Rotary Foundation are transformed into grants that fund local and international humanitarian projects, scholarships, and activities, such as vocational training teams. At the end of every Rotary year, contributions directed to the Annual Fund-SHARE from all Rotary clubs in the district are divided between the World Fund and the District Designated Fund, or DDF.
At the end of three years, your district can use the DDF to pay for Foundation, club, and district projects that your club and others in the district choose. Districts may use up to half of their DDF to fund district grants. The remaining DDF may be used for global grants or donated to PolioPlus, the Rotary Peace Centers, or another district.
District officers are encouraged to monitor their district’s DDF availability and activity by viewing the SHARE Contribution Detail Report and Available DDF by District Report via their My Rotary account.

1_參考TRF Reference Guide p.8

The Rotary Foundation’s funding cycle makes district contributions
available for use three years after they are received. The three-year
cycle gives districts time to plan projects and activities and allows the
Foundation to invest the contributions.
Your district Rotary Foundation committee decides how to use the
District Designated Funds in consultation with the clubs in the district.

2_參照TRF COP Sept 2017 (p.194)

A_22.010. Allocations The SHARE system has been adopted for the allocation of funds. The current proportion of shared funding will be 50/50 (50 per cent for the District Designated Fund and 50 percent for the World Fund). This proportion may be reviewed and adjusted periodically depending on the future needs of Rotary’s Foundation. (January 2002 Trustees Mtg., Dec. 78)

Source: October 1990 Trustees Mtg., Dec. 29
Amended by October 2001 Trustees Mtg., Dec. 68

B_22.030.2. Annual Fund

A donor who makes a general gift does not specify a use for the funds

a. At the close of each fiscal year, general giving will be totaled by district

b. The general giving totals for each district will be divided into two categories, indicating the actual fund into which they will be placed: the District Designated Fund (50%) and the World Fund (50%)

c. Each district will have a District Designated Fund “account” consisting of the balance of funds available for their designation. Each time a program option is selected by the district, the corresponding required funds will be earmarked for that use and later debited from the “account”

d. Gifts to the World Fund also may be made directly. A gift by a donor in any amount may be designated 100% for the World Fund

Each fund will generate investment earnings (interest, dividends, and realized/unrealized capital gains/losses). These investment earnings will be recorded in a separate account called the “Earned Income Fund”

Together, the District Designated Fund, the World Fund, and the Earned Income Fund will constitute the General Funds of TRF. (January 2002 Trustees Mtg., Dec. 78)

Source: October 1990 Trustees Mtg., Dec. 29
Amended by October 1994 Trustees Mtg., Dec. 26; October 2001 Trustees Mtg., Dec. 68
==//==//==
AF三年後1/2回地區依其解釋是”思考-找尋服務機會”, 當然TRF同時應有短期投資, 雖然是非營利機構, 但仍須維持基本經費供運轉. 另外, 保管委員會經一定程序可更改期限與比率. (僅供參考)
==//==//==
ShareSystem_Q&A_D3462_Doctor

中時社論》確保供電 再談非核家園

中時社論》確保供電 再談非核家園
2017/8/11 下午 07:43:28 主筆室   中時社論

黃暐瀚:若不是選舉 藍綠不會開非核家園支票
蔡政府推動非核家園,深受限電危機考驗。(資料照)
蔡允諾非核非碳 唐湘龍:台人怎這麼好騙?
(中時資料照,合成圖)

就電力政策而言,首要是滿足人民生活需求、推動經濟成長,電力供應必須無虞;其次是電力品質,兩者都確定了,非核家園才能漸次推動。去年以來,台灣多次陷入供電警戒橘燈,日前和平電塔因颱風意外倒塌,限電警戒紅燈立刻亮起,全台隨時可能無預警停電。雖然和平電塔9日終於搶修完成,紅燈警戒暫時解除,但電力供應仍然像走鋼索般危機四伏,為確保民眾生活品質與國家發展,政府須全盤思考非核家園政策執行時程。

電力供應危機四伏,關鍵原因在非核家園政策本末倒置,現況除了核四封存,核一1號機、核二2號機大修完成不准啟動;寄望替補的風電、太陽能等綠電建設進度遠遠落後;緊急採購的大潭7號機趕工裝機後立即跳機,萬一天然氣槽船任一航次無法靠泊卸載,台灣必將重演已15年不曾出現的黑燈大停電,可能造成的傷害難以估算。

到底供電危急到什麼程度?備轉容量的數字或燈號民眾未必有感,但傳出連核四的緊急供電柴油機組都納入調度,顯然連最後的籌碼都準備祭上,真是駭人的警訊。雖然台電緊急說明,核四柴油機組因在封存過程,不是關廠,定期運轉測試是封存的標準作業,但類此說明只會增加社會「此地無銀三百兩」的疑慮。

核電廠緊急救援柴電機組是為了核電廠若遭遇天災,外電全停「電廠全黑」後的危急自救設計,以備援柴電機組發電,供應核電廠運轉所需基本電力。備援機組發電量不大,但必須控存,不得挪用。311之後各國防範電廠全黑可能的危機,核電廠緊急救援機組增為9組,不同的緊急發電方式,隨時待命接替上陣,避免任一機組故障發生電廠全黑危機無法控制。

特別須重視核四的柴電備援機組納入電力調度,關鍵不在緊急機組有限發電量「不無小補」,而是核四緊急機組都調用背後凸顯的供電險峻。儘管常態上核電廠緊急救援機組是備而不用,但台灣這兩年供電警戒亮橘燈的天數迅速上升的不利情況下,早將核電廠備援柴油機組納入調度。核1至核3是運轉中的機組,緊急備援柴電機組儘管不能與發電機組併聯,但動點手腳克服困難不是難事。

核四不然,已在封存狀態的核四廠,不要說核電機組處於未運轉、封存狀態,救援電廠全黑狀態的緊急柴電機組更是封存、全停狀態。如今若核四緊急救援機組都納入調度,這意謂局面緊急,台電手上全無調度籌碼,可以上的全上了。

但台電以專業術語意圖矇混各界質疑,或許有一定的滅火作用;問題是核四機組未發電更未併聯,此刻若真的啟動緊急備援柴電機組,反映的問題是為什麼連這壓箱底的籌碼也上陣了?難道意謂供電險峻早已不只是「捉襟見肘」可以形容。

讓人擔憂的是,供電緊急、寅吃卯糧已成常態。去年是創極端高溫紀錄的1年,供電警戒橘燈天數自20餘天竄升到80天,今年至7月底,橘燈天數已接近去年同期。可以確定夏秋兩季將幾乎全處於供電警戒,台電在政治壓力下,為避免限、停電發生,電廠注定將長期處於過勞狀態。不久前台中電廠7號機故障,以飛快速度修復後,未料1號機緊接著爆管停機,這說明電廠機組都操過頭、無法按期檢修,因而有太多操勞過度急停機的隱憂。

整備期不足也是問題。台電緊急買來應急的大潭7號機組耗鉅資空運來台,並以超快速度完成裝機,未進行試運轉的界面磨合標準步驟就倉促上陣。果然立刻傳出狀況而退下線來,電廠機組裝置工序豈能隨意挑戰?

大潭7號機未能緊急派上用場,反映了台電機組普遍處在過勞、檢整不足的現況。電廠燃燒生成的蒸汽以管路輸送至發電機,管線、閥扮演要角,假設燃煤火電廠有5000根不同口徑管子輸送蒸汽,定時的停機維修檢整是維持常態運轉的必要措施。因為長時間處在供電警戒,必要的停機維修遭省略或拉長檢整時間,當然造成爆管意外機率大增。

電力供應的不確定因素,是民眾生活品質與國家經濟發展的致命傷。不要說台積電3奈米廠受不了電力不穩的衝擊,可能必須考慮轉往美國投資,其他重點的生技產業一樣受不了電力品質的不確定。更糟的是前景灰暗,堅持強推非核家園的蔡政府,配套措施未如進度,可預見的台灣供電必然更為險峻。少了電力穩定供應及品質的光環,台灣憑什麼吸引外資、留住企業?

蔡總統會見工商界代表後,對核一、核二修復完工兩機組重新啟動似有改持彈性立場之意。為政者首重民眾的生活品質,還請小英把確保供電安全、電力品質當成首要,然後再談非核家園。

2017/08/15全台無預警大停電之原因_推敲

2017/08/15全台無預警大停電之原因_推敲
(2017/08/16 11:45 以下資訊取材自Line網路群組:)

剛從台電退休的小學同學傳來,停電的理由是騙人的!

中油供給電廠,電廠有自己的储槽,不是直接供氣到發電机。
專家說要關閉輸送閥,需要十個工作程序。什麼誤觸一個按鈕,真是鬼扯!

現都是電腦作業,哪來的按鈕?

原因找到了,因為電不夠用就讓大林,大潭電廠,尚未通過完全測試,就高載量發電,結果超負荷跳電!

轉一個運轉工程師的話:
基本上, 我懷疑官方的說法 !!!
基礎系統如中油, 台電在設計規劃時就有做失效模式分析 (FMEA, Failure Mode Evaluation Analysis), 我不太相信官方說法
(1) 輸送到台電供氣的閥門不是一個隨便工人就能關的, 這是有一定的 SOP. 如果如官方所說, 不因循 SOP 的問題會更嚴重, 每個中油設施都將是未爆彈
(2) 台電應該有儲氣槽, 因應突發不明因素中斷供氣. 因為突然中斷有可能危害發電設施甚至釀災. 所以停氣2分鐘就讓機組跳電, 太不可思議了. 如果是真的, 台電設備也是充滿危險

所以, 我寧可選擇相信政府說謊, 不然, 中油, 台電的問題大了!